University of Texas Press
Austin
For Ray T Graham)who opened the doors
Illustrations ixForeword and Acknowledgments xv
Introduction
1. Islam as Empire 5
2. Forces and Bonds: Faith, Language, and Thought ro
3. Roots 26
4. Cosmology: The Universes of Islam 36
5. Mathematics: Native Tongue ofScience 43
6. Astronomy 59
7. Astrology: Scientific Non-science ro8
8. Geography 1179. Medicine 131ro. Natural Sciences 162
II. Alchemy 189
12. Optics 195
13. The Later Years 201
14. Transmission 209
15. The New West 217
16. Epilogue 222
Islam and the World: A Summary Time1me 231Glossary 239Works Consulted 241Illustration Sources 247Index 253
[ vii]
| 9 | Figure 1.1. The Early Expansion and Major Centers of |
| Historic Islam | |
| 24 | Figure 2.1. Nocturnal Ascent of Muhammad |
| 25 | Figure 2.2. Aristotle Teaching |
| 35 | Figure J1. The Genesis ofIslamic Science |
| 40 | Figure 4-1. Diagram ofMystical Cosmos |
| 41 | Figure 4-2. Man and the Macrocosm |
| 42 | Figure 4-J Diagram Relating to Ptolemy's Theory of |
| Planetary Motion | |
| 51 | Figure 5.1. Demonstration ofFinger Reckoning |
| 52 | Figure 5.2. Development ofArabic Numerals |
| 53 | Figure 53. Demonstration of a Trinomial Equation |
| 54 | Figure 5+ Proof ofEuclid Postulate |
| 55 | Figure 5';. Division of a Musical Chord |
| 57 | Figure 5.6a. Geometrical Pattern in Ceramic Tile |
| 58 | Figure 5.6b. Stucco Stalactite Cupola |
| 58 | Figure 5.6c. Ceramic Plate with Geometric Design |
| 70 | Figure 6.1. Constellations Little Bear, Great Bear, and |
| the Dragon | |
| 72 | Figure 6.2. Constellation Draco |
| 73 | Figure 6.J Constellation Sagittarius |
| 74 | Figure 6+ Page from Ptolemy's AI-Majisti |
| 75 | Figures 6.;a and 6.;b. Diagrams Illustrating Epicyclic |
| Planetary Motion | |
| 76 | Figure 6.6.Teacher ofAstronomy with Students |
| 77 | Figure 6.7. Ka'ba, Mecca, Saudi Arabia |
| 78 | Figure 6.8. Stone Sundial |
| 79 | Figure 6.9a. Prayer and Qibla Tables |
[ ix]
